Foreground and background selection, kunitz trypsin inhibitor, markerassisted backcross breeding, null allele, ssr markers background soybean is an important source of high quality oil and protein for both human and animal. Marker assisted selection for pyramiding multiple genes this tutorial is designed for mars. Traditional breeding methods usually involve field tests carried out by experienced breeders. Similarly in maize, using markerassisted backcrossing a major qtl for oil content was transferred to an elite hybrid 40. This can be achieved through introgression of a qtl on sbi 05 governing leaf glossiness from the donor, j 2779p4, obtained from icrisat using marker assisted backcrossing mabc. The presence of a target allele in an individual is diagnosed by monitoring the genotype at markers linked to the gene for alleles of the donor parent. These include our 32marker snp panels for routine genetic quality control and custom microsatellite panels for speed congenics, mapping, fine mapping, and substrain or background strain characterization. Crop science abstract minimum sample size and optimal. Tutorial of the breeding planner bp for marker assisted backcrossing mabc bp system consists of three tools relevant to molecular breeding. Common applications are the introgression of resistance genes or transgenes in maize, rice, and other crops. Through the backcrossing and gene pyramiding breeding coupled with molecular markerassisted selection, a new ptgms line hua1228s carrying pi2, xa7, and tms5 was developed. Focusing on transcriptome variation and perturbation to signaling pathways, we assessed the molecular and biological.
The importance of seed technologies and systems for climate smart agriculture. Maize breeding and genetics collaboration between usdaars. In this study we have traced the inheritance of the wild boar qtl allele through markerassisted backcrossing for an additional six generations in order to narrow down the fat1 interval. Important features of the study included i markerassisted backcrossing to generate genetically similar inbred variants for each gm line, ii highresolution genotyping to evaluate the genetic similarity of gm lines to the corresponding recurrent parents and iii. Accelerated molecular breeding of a novel ptgms line.
To implement a highthroughput system using molecular markers in chinese cabbage brassica rapa. In the marker assisted backcrossing introgression lines, a 97% increase in oleic acid, and a 92% reduction in linoleic acid content was. Breeding for drought tolerance in cowpea vigna unguiculata. Marker assisted backcrossing mabc is one of the most promising approaches is the use of molecular markers to identify and select genes controlling resistance to those factors.
Furthermore, markerassisted selection mas can be applied for screening of individuals with not only the target gene but also the genomic regions of a recurrent parent in each backcrossing generation, which allows accelerating the development of nils for the trait of interest matthias et al. Markerassisted foreground and background selection of. Summary marker assisted accelerated backcrossing has proven valuable in expediting the process of creating congenic strains. Marker assisted selection of rpp5 gene for rust soybean phakopsora pachyrhizi resistance in hl203, an elite soybean genotype truong quoc anh, ly hau giang, nguyen van chuong, nguyen thi lang, bui chi buu introduction soybean rust sbr caused by phakopsora pachyrhizi syd. Using markerassisted backcrossing we transferred two bacterial blight resistance genes, xa and xa21, and semidwarfinggene, sd1, into two traditional basmati cultivars, basmati 370 and basmati 386. Introduction markerassisted backcrossing mab is used to transfer genes conferring favorable agronomic traits into the genetic background of a recipient parent hospital 2005. Improving rice blast resistance of feng39s through. Backcrossing will be complete for most parents within 23 generations at the bc 5 generation. In the present study, foreground and background markers were identified, f1 plants of the cross, ntj 2 x j 2779p 4 were confirmed for hybridity using markers, and. Markerassisted backcrossing of two white mold resistant. Doctoral dissertation application of marker assisted.
Abstract mabc marker assisted backcross method approach plays vital role for basic research applications in rice to develop new and advance varieties with much greater precision than conventional backcrossing. The pen and marker allow you to create handwritten annotations and drawings or markups. Mabc has three main advantages over conven tional backcrossing. Development of snp markers for markerassisted breeding in. Chapter 7 markerassisted selection in common beans and cassava 85 intermediate level of resistance, while other minor genes must be recovered through conventional phenotypic selection to assure higher resistance. The marker works like a typical highlighter it does not obscure. Mas forward selection, background selection, combining traits, relative efficiency of selection. Siangliwa, boonrat jongdeeb, grienggrai pantuwanc and theerayut toojinda a arice gene discovery unit, national center for genetic engineering and biotechnology, kasetsart. Genetic background screening to accelerate backcross. The importance of seed technologies and systems for climate.
Marker assisted selection of rpp5 gene for rust soybean. Important features of the study included i marker assisted backcrossing to generate genetically similar inbred variants for each gm line, ii highresolution genotyping to evaluate the genetic similarity of gm lines to the corresponding recurrent parents and iii. To implement a highthroughput system using molecular. In the present study, markerassisted backcrossing was employed for the introgression of two fad2 mutant alleles from sunoleic95r into the chromosome of icgv06100, a high oil content peanut breeding line. Markerassisted backcrossing of staygreen qtls into elite sorghum lines. Backcrossing is a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent, in order to achieve offspring with a genetic identity which is closer to that of the parent. Increasing yield has become the most core goal of rice production. Pathway approach for candidate gene identification and introduction to metabolic pathway databases. Marker assisted selection in tomato pathway approach for. This marker was also present in each of 18 heterozygous fertile melon maintainers carrying the ms3 gene. Marker assisted backcrossing background selection l4 80% of melakh used for bc2. Markerassisted backcrossing of two white mold resistant qtl.
Miklas abstract white mold caused by sclerotinia sclerotiorum lib. Application of marker assisted backcrossing to introgress the submergence tolerance qtl. The pen writes on your document like a typical felttip pen. A cross was made between hua1201s and feng39s, and then two successive backcrossings and four generations of selfpollination were performed fig. Markerassisted backcrossing is routinely applied for gene introgression in plant and animal breeding. Molecular markers for marker assisted selection are being used for ty1 zamir et al. This is in sharp contrast to the broad acceptance of plants produced by breeding through marker assisted backcrossing mab. It is used in horticulture, animal breeding and in production of gene knockout organisms backcrossed hybrids are sometimes described with acronym bc, for example, an f1 hybrid. Tutorial of the breeding planner bp for marker assisted. Chapter 7 markerassisted selection in common beans and. Introduction marker assisted backcrossing mab is used to transfer genes conferring favorable agronomic traits into the genetic background of a recipient parent hospital 2005. Marker assisted selection mas refers to indirect selection for a desired plant phenotype based on the banding pattern of linked molecular dna markers.
Summary markerassisted accelerated backcrossing has proven valuable in expediting the process of creating congenic strains. Pdf a markerassisted backcross approach for developing. Markerassisted foreground selection markerassisted foreground selection was proposed by tanksley 1983. Markerassisted backcrossing scheme used to introgress fw resistance from wr 315 into c 214 is given in fig.
Markerassisted backcrossing varieties with sub1 qtl released in 2009 swarnasub1. Genetic resistance provides some control but is diffi cult to breed for because of low. Markerassisted backcrossing was employed to introgress resistance to fusarium wilt race 1 and ascochyta blight in chickpea. Furthermore, marker assisted selection mas can be applied for screening of individuals with not only the target gene but also the genomic regions of a recurrent parent in each backcrossing generation, which allows accelerating the development of nils for the trait of interest matthias et al. Comparison of the observed with the simulated distributions. The scheme of the markerassisted backcrossing approach used is illustrated in fig. Marker assisted breeding allows assessment of young plants at the seedling stage for multiple traits of interest, greatly reducing costs associated with growing the plants to maturity. Using marker assisted backcrossing we transferred two bacterial blight resistance genes, xa and xa21, and semidwarfinggene, sd1, into two traditional basmati cultivars, basmati 370 and basmati 386. Selection theory for markerassisted backcrossing genetics. Genetic background screening to accelerate backcross breeding. In the markerassisted backcrossingintrogression lines, a 97% increase in oleic acid, and a 92% reduction in linoleic acid content was. Feng39s was used as a recurrent parent rp in the study for improving its blast resistance by stacking the blast r gene pi2 from hua1201s through markerassisted backcrossing. A markerassisted backcross approach for developing submergencetolerant rice cultivars article pdf available in theoretical and applied genetics 1156. The ssr markers were applied in each backcross generation for assisting selection of rice plants having tmsx gene.
Pericarp pigmentation of each of the f 2 progeny was scored at full maturity of grain. Molecular markers for crown rot resistance are under. Ha thi thu pham, khang tan do, minh ngoc truong, xuan dang tran, lang thi nguyen and buu chi bui. Chapter 7 markerassisted selection in common beans and cassava. Markerassisted backcrossing mabc was used to transfer qtls for yield under drought and staygreen into moussa local, a farmer preferred landrace. To use the marker, select tool marker from the menu. Marker assisted selection for pyramiding multiple genes this tutorial is designed for mabc august 20. Do transgenesis and markerassisted backcross breeding.
Abstract mabc markerassisted backcross method approach plays vital role for basic research applications in rice to develop new and advance varieties with much greater precision than conventional backcrossing. Efforts to bring marker assisted breeding mab into wide adoption for horticultural crop improvement will benefit from targeted utilization of synteny among related crops and information from model plants to develop markers for use in standard breeding methods, e. Potato association of america frederiction august 9, 2009 allen van deynze. Improvement of rice crop by markerassisted backcross method. Through conventional and markerassisted breeding incremental gains are being made to develop tolerant varieties more investment into drought and heat tolerance research is needed to sustain these gains need for effective seed systems to get improved varieties into farmers fields. C 214 recurrent parent was used as female and crossed with wr 315 donor parent as male to generate 20 f 1 seeds. Besidesbeingproteinrich source for human diet, it also improves soil health. Marker assisted pyramiding of bph6 and bph9 into elite. Identification of polymorphisms in databased sequences. Marker assisted backcrossing mabc was used to transfer qtls for yield under drought and staygreen into moussa local, a farmer preferred landrace. Markerassisted foreground and background selection of near. Markerassisted backcrossing has been shown to be especially valuable where there are many good varieties that need to be improved for just one simply inherited trait such as certain pest or disease resistances, or a component trait for enhancing adaptation or stress tolerance cregan et.
The potential impact of genetically modified gm plants on human health has attracted much attention worldwide, and the issue remains controversial. Markerassisted backcrossing qtl for partial resistance to sclerotinia white mold in dry bean phillip n. Nevertheless, like the other plants, the growth of rice was disrupted by insect pests attacking, which will lead to. Recently, with the development of nextgeneration sequencing ngs technology, molecular markers are being utilized for selection processes in breeding. Markerassisted backcrossing qtl for partial resistance to.
One tgms line, ant 25244, was used as donor parent. Two backcrosses assisted by snp markers in foreground and background selections were sufficient to select for qtls presence and to recover the background of moussa local, the recurrent parent. Lande and thompson 1990 then pioneered the theoretical studies of mas for quantitative traits, which triggered the publication of a series of simulation studies through the 1990s e. Its efficiency depends on the experimental design, most notably on the marker density and position, population size, and selection strategy. Application of marker assisted backcrossing to introgress. Marker assisted foreground selection marker assisted foreground selection was proposed by tanksley 1983. Hhb 67improved the first product of markerassisted crop breeding in india development of a more downy mildew resistant hhb 67 testing pearl millet p ennisetum glaucum is grown f or gr ain and stov er in the hottest and driest areas of asia and africa wher e dryland and rainfed crop production occurs. Steady expression of high oleic acid in peanut bred by.
However, such methods are costly and timeconsuming. Through conventional and markerassisted breeding incremental gains are being made to. Main function of mabc is to reduce the chromosome size of a donor parent. Potato association of america frederiction august 9, 2009. To assess the relative resistance levels associated with mutations, we used a marker assisted backcrossing approach to produce nearisogenic sister lines fig. Markerassisted backcrossing introduction chickpea cicer arietinum l. The objectives of this study were to determine in markerassisted backcrossing mab i the optimum distances d 1, d 2 between the flanking markers and the target locus and ii the minimum number of individuals n required for obtaining with a certain probability a given number of individuals that carry the donor allele at the target locus. Steady expression of high oleic acid in peanut bred by marker. Markers were also used for selecting aroma and amylose content of basmati cultivars. These include our 32 marker snp panels for routine genetic quality control and custom microsatellite panels for speed congenics, mapping, fine mapping, and substrain or background strain characterization. Marker assisted backcrossing qtl for partial resistance to sclerotinia white mold in dry bean phillip n.
Usdaars and nc state university have maintained collaborative research on maize breeding and genetics since 1960. Regarding this, mabc can contribute to develop resistant or highyielding or quality rice varieties by incorporating a gene of interest into an elite variety which is already well adapted by the farmers. Introgression of null allele of kunitz trypsin inhibitor. Molecular markers for markerassisted selection are being used for ty1 zamir et al. Path analysis for yield traits in f2 generation and. Feb 26, 2015 marker assisted backcrossing mabc is one of the most promising approaches is the use of molecular markers to identify and select genes controlling resistance to those factors. Bw648 crossing, anthocyanin pigmentation of leaf sheath was evaluated for selection of dominant ant1.
Scaling up of mas required the development of simple operational procedures in both the field tagging, tissue collection and. However, it cannot be fed raw or unprocessed to the monogastric animals. Dec 12, 2019 in the present study, marker assisted backcrossing was employed for the introgression of two fad2 mutant alleles from sunoleic95r into the chromosome of icgv06100, a high oil content peanut breeding line. Article full text enhanced pdf format, 83647 bytes. Efforts to bring markerassisted breeding mab into wide adoption for horticultural crop improvement will benefit from targeted utilization of synteny among related crops and information from model plants to develop markers for use in standard breeding methods, e. The rice variety swarnalata, carrying bph resistance gene bph6 and resisting bph biotype 4 bangladesh bph population, also exhibited high level of resistance to bph. For each backcross generation new boars, with a smaller and smaller portion of the wild pig derived segment of chromosome 4 were selected. Based on 200,000 snp markers by nextgeneration sequencing, hua1228s covered 87. This line has tmsx gene which is located on rice chromosome 2.
Markerassisted backcrossing for striga resistance in cowpea. Molecular marker a molecular marker is a dna sequence which is readily detected and whose inheritance can easily be monitored. Marker assisted backcrossing of two white mold resistant qtl into susceptible pinto bean phil miklas, usdaars, prosser, wa objectives backcross resistancelinked qtl markers into pinto bean fig. Tutorial of the breeding planner bp for marker assisted recurrent selection mars bp system consists of three tools relevant to molecular breeding. Mas is based on the concept that it is possible to infer the presence of a gene from the presence of a marker which is tightly linked to the gene of interest. Through the backcrossing and gene pyramiding breeding coupled with molecular marker assisted selection, a new ptgms line hua1228s carrying pi2, xa7, and tms5 was developed. Focusing on transcriptome variation and perturbation to signaling pathways, we. Markerassisted gene pyramiding for inbred line development.
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